PHYTOCHEMICAL AND GC-MS STUDIES ONINDIGOFERA LINNAEI LINN

Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, India Department of chemistry, PeriyarUniversity,Salem, Tamilnadu, India Corresponding Author: m.peter1989@gmail.com Abstract Xanthine oxidase is a highly versatile enzyme that is widely distributed among different Indigofera linnaei Linn.is a potential folklore medicinal plant (Fabaceae) used for Aurveda and Siddha systems of medicine. In this study Alkaloids, Carbohydrate Glycoside, Saponin, Flavonoids, tannins and Phytosteroids were identified as the major phytochemical constituents in the methanol, acetone and toluene fractions of Indigofera linnaei Linn. leaf extract. Their structures were elucidated, on the basis of GC-MS data.2,4,6-Octanerione (9.24%), 4, (methyl cyclopropyl)-1-butene(8.87%), non-ionic acid methyl ester(5.78%), trans-N-methyl-3-oxo-5,6-dimethoxy morphian (9.63%). (IRS, 2SR) 2Dimethyl (Phenyl) silylpentane-3-ol (7.39%), 2, 2-bis (t-phenyl 3, 4” dimethyl phosphate) (5.84%), 2cyclopropylenetic acid(6.49%) these different active phytochemicals have been found to possess a wide range of activities. In conclusion Indigofera linnaei Linn. contains biologically active compounds that may serve as candidate for the discovery of new drugs in the treatment of antimicrobial activities.


Materials and Methods 2.1 Collection of plant material:
The leaves of Indigofera linnaei Linn.werecollected from the Bharadhidasan university herbarium, Thiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India. They were identified and authenticated by the Bharadhidasan university herbarium, Trichirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.

Preparation of powder and extract:
Leaves of Indigofera linnaei Linn. (500g) was shade dried, powdered and extracted with ethanol for 8 hours using soxhletapparatus.The extract was then filtered through Whatmann filter paper No.41 along with 2g sodium sulfate to remove the sediments and traces of water in the filtrate. Before filtering, the filter paper along with sodium sulphate is wetted with absolute alcohol. The filtrate is then concentrated by bubbling nitrogen gas into the solution and reduce the volume to 1ml.The extract contains both polar and non-polar phytocomponents.

GC-MS Analysis:
The GC-MS analysis of Indigofera linnaei Linn. powder leaves extract with in absolute alcohol, was performed using a Clarus 500 Perkin Elmer gas chromatography equipped with a Elite-5 capillary column (5% phenyl 95% dimethyl polysiloxane) (30nm X 0.25mm ID X 0.25µmdf) and mass detector turbomass gold of the company which was operated in EI mode. Helium was the carriers gas at a flow rate of 1ml/min. and the injector was operated at 290ºC and the oven temperature was programmed as follows; 50ºC at 8ºC/min to 200ºC (5min) at 7ºC/min to 290ºC(10min).

Identification of components:
Interpretation on mass spectrum of GC-MS was done using the database of National Institute Standard and Technology (NIST), WILEY8, FAME having more than 62,000 patterns. The mass spectrum of the unknown component was compared with the spectrum of the known components stored in the (NIST) ,WILEY8, FAME library. The name, molecular weight and structure of the components of the test materials were ascertained. [8][9] 3. Results and Discussion 3.1 Ultra Violet -Visible Spectroscopy: The plant sample extracts of two solvents (methanol and toluene) has been taken for UV-vis study. The plant extracts of methanol and toluene is been tested for UV-vis spectrum. The principle of UVspectral analysis is for separation of functional group and electron transition compound respectively. The functional group of active compounds by UV-visible spectrum by position of peak values ranges from 404.17 to 666.27 in methanol extract and 412.12 to 669.96 in toluene extract.  The FTIR method is the radiation passed through sample to be separated the functional group of compounds, the FTIR analysis is done in methanolic extract, the peak area ranges from 3819.17 to 621.03. The FTIR and UV spectrum was used to identify the functional group of the active components based on the peak values in the infrared radiation. The methanol extract of G. kollimalayanum was passed through FTIR, the functional groups of the components were separated based on its peak ration and the same was passed into UV spectroscopy for electron transition of compounds. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of the carboxylic acid, and Alkenes-CH 2 , CH 3     The phytocompounds which exhibits the properties of antitoxic and antibacterial activity, so the plant extracts are subjected to further studies. The phytochemical analysis of the passiflora incarnate leaf extract shows the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and carbohydrates etc. Tannins have been found to form irreversible complexes with proline rich proteins resulting in the inhibition of the cell protein synthesis (Hagerman et al.).

Conclusion:
The several secondary metabolites were present in the plant extracts of solvents methanol, acetone and toluene. The phytocompounds were alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, Phytosteroids, carbohydrate, saponins, tannins etc. were found in plant extracts.The UV-visible spectrum which shows the peak area having functional groups in methanol, and toluene solvents.The FTIR analysis which shows distinct peak areas of functional group. This functional groups having N-acetyl, alkene, forming of groups etc.There are 19 compounds is separated through GC-MS analysis. The 19 compounds were listed and their compounds, their nature, biological functions of that particular compounds. This GC-MS analysis which exhibits certain new compounds also but their biological properties were not found.The phytocompounds of the plant Indigofera linnaei Linn.Linn. can be detected through the qualitative, UV-Vis spectrum, FTIR-analysis and GC-MS. This detection of compound and its structure and activities will lead to the number of new drugs invention for various incurable diseases.